Treatment of extramammary Paget's disease with imiquimod in a real-life setting: a multicenter retrospective analysis in Spain.

BACKGROUND: Topical imiquimod has shown to be an effective treatment for EMPD, although available evidence supporting its use is based on case reports and small series of patients. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the therapeutic outcomes and analyze potential clinico-pathological factors associated with imiquimod response in a large cohort of EMPD patients. METHODS: Retrospective chart review of 125 EMPD patients treated with imiquimod at 20 Spanish tertiary-care hospitals. RESULTS: During the study period, patients received 134 treatment regimens with imiquimod, with 70 (52.2%) cases achieving complete response (CR), 41 (30.6%) partial response and 23 (17.2%) no response. The cumulative CR rates at 24 and 48 weeks of treatment were 46.3% and 71.8%, respectively, without significant differences between first-time and previously treated EMPD. Larger lesions (≥6 cm; p = 0.038) and EMPD affecting >1 anatomical site (p = 0.002) were significantly associated with a worse treatment response. However, the CR rate did not differ significantly by the number of treatment applications (≤4 vs. > 4 times/week; p = 0.112). Among patients who achieved CR, 30 (42.9%) developed local recurrences during a mean follow-up period of 36 months, with an estimated 3 and 5-year recurrence free-survival of 55.7% and 36.4%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Imiquimod appears as an effective therapeutic alternative for both first-line and previously treated EMPD lesions. However, a less favorable therapeutic response could be expected in larger lesions and those affecting >1 anatomical site. Based on our results, a 3-4 times weekly regimen of imiquimod with a treatment duration of at least 6 months could be considered an appropriate therapeutic strategy for EMPD patients.

Therapeutic outcomes and survival analysis of Extramammary Paget's disease: A multicentre retrospective study of 249 patients.

BACKGROUND: Evidence regarding long-term therapeutic outcomes and disease-specific survival (DSS) in Extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is limited. OBJECTIVES: To assess the DSS and outcomes of surgical and nonsurgical therapeutic modalities in a large cohort of EMPD patients. METHODS: Retrospective chart review of EMPD patients from 20 Spanish tertiary care hospitals. RESULTS: Data on 249 patients with a median follow-up of 60 months were analyzed. The estimated 5-, 10-, and 15-year DSS was 95.9%, 92.9%, and 88.5%, respectively. A significantly lower DSS was observed in patients showing deep dermal invasion (≥1 mm) or metastatic disease (P < .05). A ≥50% reduction in EMPD lesion size was achieved in 100% and 75.3% of patients treated with surgery and topical therapies, respectively. Tumor-free resection margins were obtained in 42.4% of the patients after wide local excision (WLE). The 5-year recurrence-free survival after Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS), WLE with tumor-free margins, WLE with positive margins, radiotherapy, and topical treatments was 63.0%, 51.4%, 20.4%, 30.1%, and 20.8%, respectively. LIMITATIONS: Retrospective design. CONCLUSIONS: EMPD is usually a chronic condition with favorable prognosis. MMS represents the therapeutic alternative with the greatest efficacy for the disease. Recurrence rates in patients with positive margins after WLE are similar to the ones observed in patients treated with topical agents.

The role of individual variables as antecedents of entrepreneurship processes: Emotional intelligence and self-efficacy.

Currently, entrepreneurship is a priority for economic, social, and technological growth. Therefore, the interest in understanding entrepreneurship processes has increased significantly. Individual variables play a fundamental role, and academic research has pointed out the influence of emotional intelligence in entrepreneurial processes; however, its relationship with other interpersonal processes and individual variables, such as personality and self-efficacy, has not been extensively studied. The aim of this research was to analyze the relationship among emotional intelligence, self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial intention, controlling for the effects of personality, gender, and age. Multiple hierarchical regression analyses were applied through a questionnaire survey of 1,593 college students to test the relationship between the constructs in the model. The results show that the personality traits are associated with entrepreneurial self-efficacy, emotional intelligence positively influences entrepreneurial intention, and self-efficacy mediates the relationship between emotional intelligence and entrepreneurial intention. Practical implications for training programs are examined, and future lines of research were discussed.

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Physical and Mental Health in China and Spain: Cross-sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Differences in physical and mental health impact across continents during the COVID-19 pandemic are unknown. OBJECTIVE: This study compared the levels of impact of COVID-19 on mental health among people from Spain and China and correlated mental health parameters with variables relating to symptoms similar to COVID-19, COVID-19 knowledge, and precautionary measures. METHODS: We collected information on demographic data, physical symptoms, contact history with persons with a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis, COVID-19 knowledge, and precautionary measures. Participants completed the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 Items (DASS-21). To analyze the differences in the mental health parameters, the mean scores between Chinese and Spanish respondents were compared using the independent samples t test. The differences in categorical variables between the two samples were analyzed by the chi-square test. Linear regression was used to calculate the univariate associations between the independent variables and mental health parameters for both groups separately, with adjustments made for age, gender, and education. RESULTS: A total of 1528 participants (Spain: n=687; China: n=841) were recruited. The mean age of the Chinese respondents was 24.73 years (SD 7.60; range 18-65 years), and the mean age of the Spanish respondents was 43.06 years (SD 11.95; range 18-76 years). Spanish participants reported significantly more symptoms similar to COVID-19 infection (eg, fever, sore throat, and breathing difficulties), contact history with COVID-19, higher perceived risk of contracting COVID-19, frequent use of medical services, and less confidence in medical services compared with their Chinese counterparts (P<.001). Spanish participants reported significantly higher DASS-21 stress and depression scores, while Chinese participants reported significantly higher IES-R scores (P<.001). Chinese participants encountered more discrimination from other countries (P<.001). Significantly more Chinese participants reported using face masks than Spanish ones (P<.001). More exposure to health information was associated with adverse mental health in Spain (depression: P=.02; anxiety: P=.02; stress: P=.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our study found that Spanish respondents reported higher levels of stress and depression as well as more symptoms and use of medical services. In preparation for the next pandemic, Spain needs to establish a prompt policy to implement rapid response and enhance medical services to safeguard physical and mental health.

Los hábitos de sueño como predictores de la salud psicológica en profesionales sanitarios / Sleep habits as predictors of psychological health in healthcare professionals

El objetivo de la investigación fue estudiar los hábitos de sueño y la salud psicológica de profesionales del sector sanitario, así como analizar las relaciones entre ambas variables. La muestra contó con 511 trabajadores de hospitales públicos de la Comunidad de Madrid. La salud psicológica fue evaluada con el Cuestionario GHQ-28; los hábitos de sueño a través del Cuestionario CHAS, además, se recogieron datos sociodemográficos como edad, sexo, puesto de trabajo, categoría profesional. Los resultados mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en síntomas somáticos, salud psicológica y estabilidad en hábitos de sueño. Los análisis de regresión indicaron que calidad del sueño y somnolencia diurna son las variables más relacionadas con las dimensiones de salud, especialmente con la ansiedad/insomnio y síntomas somáticos. Estos los resultados ponen de manifiesto las diferencias entre hábitos de sueño y salud percibida en personal de enfermería y facultativos. En conclusión, la población sanitaria presenta mayor prevalencia en malestar psicológico, peor calidad de sueño e inestabilidad en las horas de sueño. Deterioro del sueño, somnolencia y síntomas somáticos son más frecuentes en personal de enfermería que en el resto de profesionales sanitarios

The aim was to study the sleep habits and the psychological health of professionals in the health sector, as well as to analyze the relationships between both variables. The sample consisted of 511 workers from public hospitals in the Community of Madrid. Psychological health was evaluated using the GHQ-28 Questionnaire; and sleep habits with the CHAS Questionnaire. In addition, sociodemographic data were collected, such as age, sex, job position, professional category. The results showed statistically significant differences in somatic symptoms, psychological health and stability in sleep habits. Regression analysis indicated that sleep quality and daytime sleepiness are the variables most related to health dimensions, especially with anxiety/insomnia and somatic symptoms. These results reveal the differences between sleep habits and perceived health in nursing staff and physicians. Finally, the health workers present a higher prevalence of psychological distress, and poor sleep quality and instability in sleep hours. Sleep impairment, somnolence and somatic symptoms are more frequent in nursing staff than in other health professionals

Health and Well-Being of Cisgender, Transgender and Non-Binary Young People.

Young transgender and non-binary individuals (TNBI) are exposed to situations of discrimination and have a greater risk of violence. The purpose of this study is to analyze which protective, violence and health and well-being factors have more influence on TNBI compared to cisgender people. The sample comprised 856 youth between 14 and 25 years old. A survey including questions about sociodemographic information and protective, violence and health and well-being factors was designed ad hoc for this study. The results show the non-binary group received the least support from family and friends, higher risk of suffering cyberbullying, and many feel isolated and unhappy. TNBI have suffered more verbal attacks both inside and outside their school and physical attacks at school than cisgender young. These results are important because they may contribute to the promotion of public policies and clinical interventions that favor the integration of TNBI in our society.

Evidencias psicométricas sobre la validez y fiabilidad del cuestionario de capital psicológico (PCQ-12) en población mexicana / Validity and reliability evidence of the Psychological Capital Questionnaire-12 in a sample of Mexican workers

El capital psicológico es un constructo que se incluye en el marco de comportamiento organizacional positivo, que se basa en principios positivos de psicología. Este concepto está compuesto por cuatro dimensiones interrelacionadas: autoeficacia, esperanza, resiliencia y optimismo. El objetivo de este estudio fue reportar las propiedades psicométricas de una de las medidas de capital psicológico, el Cuestionario de Capital Psicológico-12 (PCQ-12), en una muestra de 396 trabajadores mexicanos. La estructura del factor de este instrumento se analizó a través de un análisis factorial confirmatorio. La fiabilidad se evaluó con los coeficientes alfa y compuestos de Cronbach. Además, también se evaluaron la validez convergente y discriminante. Con base en tres modelos concurrentes, se observó que el modelo que tenía un mejor ajuste estaba compuesto por cuatro factores correlacionados. Se discuten las implicaciones de estos resultados y se brindan recomendaciones para futuras investigaciones. Este documento, que presenta una estructura factorial diferente a la habitual del capital psicológico, sugiere que las diferencias culturales pueden jugar un papel crucial en la forma en que se comporta la construcción evaluada

Psychological capital is a construct that is included in the positive organizational behavior framework, which is based on positive psychology principles. This concept is composed by four dimensions, self-efficacy, hope, resilience, and optimism, which have a synergistic action. The aim of this study was to report the psychometric properties of one of the measures of psychological capital, the Psychological Capital Questionnaire-12 (PCQ-12), in a sample of 396 Mexican workers. This instruments’ factor structure was analyzed through a confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability was assessed with the Cronbach’s Alpha and Composite Reliability coefficients. Furthermore, convergent and discriminant validity were also evaluated. Based on three concurrent models, it was observed that the model which possessed a better fit was composed by four-correlated factors. The implications of these results are discussed, and recommendations are provided for future researches. This paper, which presents a different factor structure than the usual of psychological capital, suggests that cultural differences may play a crucial role on the way the assessed construct behaves

Development of the Carmen-Q Questionnaire for mental workload assessment / Desarrollo del cuestionario CarMen-Q para evaluar la carga mental de trabajo

Background: Mental workload has emerged as one of the most important occupational risk factors present in most psychological and physical diseases caused by work. In view of the lack of specific tools to assess mental workload, the objective of this research was to assess the construct validity and reliability of a new questionnaire for mental workload assessment (CarMen-Q). Method: The sample was composed of 884 workers from several professional sectors, between 18 and 65 years old, 53.4% men and 46.6% women. To evaluate the validity based on relationships with other measures, the NASA-TLX scale was also administered. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis showed an internal structure made up of four dimensions: cognitive, temporal and emotional demands and performance requirement. The results show satisfactory evidence of validity based on relationships with NASA-TLX and good reliability. Conclusions: The questionnaire has good psychometric properties and can be an easy, brief, useful tool for mental workload diagnosis and prevention (AU)

Antecedentes: actualmente la carga mental ha surgido como uno de los factores de riesgo laboral más importantes presentes en la mayoría de las enfermedades psicológicas y físicas causadas por el trabajo. Ante la falta de herramientas específicas para evaluar la carga mental, el objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la validez de constructo y la fiabilidad de un nuevo cuestionario (CarMen-Q) para la evaluación de la carga mental de trabajo. Método: la muestra estuvo formada por 884 trabajadores de diversos sectores profesionales, de entre 18 y 65 años de edad, de los cuales el 53,4% fueron hombres y el 46,6% mujeres. Para evaluar la validez basada en las relaciones con otras medidas también se administró la escala NASA-TLX. Resultados: el análisis factorial confirmatorio mostró una estructura interna formada por cuatro dimensiones: demandas cognitiva, temporal y emocional y requisitos de rendimiento. Se encontró evidencia satisfactoria de validez basada en las relaciones con la escala NASA-TLX y adecuados índices de fiabilidad. Conclusiones: el cuestionario tiene buenas propiedades psicométricas y es una herramienta sencilla y breve, útil para el diagnóstico y la prevención de la carga mental (AU)

Development of the CarMen-Q Questionnaire for mental workload assessment.

BACKGROUND: Mental workload has emerged as one of the most important occupational risk factors present in most psychological and physical diseases caused by work. In view of the lack of specific tools to assess mental workload, the objective of this research was to assess the construct validity and reliability of a new questionnaire for mental workload assessment (CarMen-Q). METHOD: The sample was composed of 884 workers from several professional sectors, between 18 and 65 years old, 53.4% men and 46.6% women. To evaluate the validity based on relationships with other measures, the NASA-TLX scale was also administered. RESULTS: Confirmatory factor analysis showed an internal structure made up of four dimensions: cognitive, temporal and emotional demands and performance requirement. The results show satisfactory evidence of validity based on relationships with NASA-TLX and good reliability. CONCLUSIONS: The questionnaire has good psychometric properties and can be an easy, brief, useful tool for mental workload diagnosis and prevention.

Cutaneous aspects of congenital absence of the inferior vena cava in a newborn.

We present the case of a 9-day-old girl with venous dilatations in lower abdomen and legs associated to cyanosis. Radiological studies revealed a congenital agenesis of the entire inferior vena cava.

Letter: Photodistributed reticulated hyperpigmentation related to diltiazem.

Diltiazem is a calcium channel blocking agent used for the treatment of hypertension. Cutaneous adverse effects are uncommon. The most frequently reported are itching, urticaria, and maculopapular eruption. A peculiar, cutaneous photodistributed reticulated hyperpigmentation secondary to diltiazem has been recently reported. A 66-year-old white woman with a 2 year history of pruritic hyperpigmented lesions on her face was seen in the clinic. Past medical history was remarkable for hypertension, which had been treated with diltiazem. Physical examination showed slate-gray to brown reticulated hyperpigmentation in the photo-exposed areas of the face and neck. Histological examination revealed interface dermatitis with liquefactive degeneration of the basal layer, necrotic keratinocytes, lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate, and melanophages in the superficial dermis. A diagnosis of diltiazem-induced hyperpigmentation was established and diltiazem was stopped. Gradual resolution of the hyperpigmentation was observed over the following months. Although diltiazem has been marketed for over 20 years, the first cases of this particular type of reticulated hyperpigmentation were described in 2001. Since then, to our knowledge, only 17 cases have been reported in the literature. In all cases, cutaneous lesions appeared at least 6 months after this treatment had been started. Hyperpigmentation was controlled by means of photoprotection and discontinuation of diltiazem. Diltiazem can produce a characteristic lichenoid dermatitis with reticulated hyperpigmentation on sun-exposed areas.